Abstract
The given research paper represents the self-sufficient research containing a profound evaluation of the application of the statistical analysis in criminal justice/security management research. It should also be noted that it covers a profound data analysis, and the key points of the research are represented in the structural analysis of the found information about the use of the statistical analysis in criminal justice. The paper is well-organized, due to which the theme is fully covered. The paper consists of 6 pages; 5 peer-reviewed sources were used while writing the given research paper.
Introduction
The word “statistics” occurs from the Latin “status”- a condition, a state of affairs from the point of view of law. Statistics develops a special methodology of research and processing of materials: mass statistical observations, a method of groups, average values, indexes, a balance method, a method of graphics and the other methods of the statistical data analysis.
There are three stages of work with statistical data:
1) data collection - a mass scientific organized observation by means of which the primary information about the separate facts (units) of the studied phenomenon are received. This statistical data of the studied phenomenon is the information basis for the statistical generalizations, for a formulation of the conclusions about the studied phenomenon or process;
2) grouping and summary - the distribution of a set of the facts (units) to homogeneous groups and subgroups, a total calculation on each group and a subgroup, and the registration of the received results in the form of the statistical tables;
3) processing and analysis - it concludes the stage of statistical research. It comprises the processing of statistical data which was received at the report, interpretation of the received results for the purpose of receiving objective conclusions about a condition of the studied phenomenon and about the regularities of its development. The statistical analysis includes the structure, dynamics and interrelation of the public phenomena and processes.
The main stages of the statistic analysis include: assertion of the facts and their assessment, detection of their features and reasons, their comparison with the base, formulation of conclusions and forecasts, statistical checkup of the hypotheses.
“The most effective way to learn statistics is through the conceptual approach. Statistical concepts tend to be easy to learn because (a) concepts can be simply stated, (b) concepts can be made relevant thorough the use of real-life examples, (c) the same concepts are shared by many procedures, and (d) concepts can be related to one another” (Lomax: 2000).
There are two types of statistics: descriptive and inferential. The descriptive statistics is the empirical data processing, its systematization, the presentation in the form of graphs and tables, and its qualitative description by means of the main statistical indicators.
Unlike inductive statistics, the descriptive statistics does not make conclusions about the population on the basis of the results of research. The inferential statistics assumes that the properties and the regularities revealed at research of the sample objects are also inherent in population.
Main Body
The statistical analysis is widely used in criminal justice. It is …