Buddhism is one of the most ancient world religions. It originated in India in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. Buddha is regarded as a God and in Sanskrit means “enlightened supreme knowledge”. According to a legend, after the endless rebirths Buddha came to earth to fulfill his rescue mission and show mankind the way to salvation. For his latest rebirth Buddha chose a prince Siddhartha who belonged to a noble family. Siddhartha's mother, a wife of the ruler – Maya, bore a son, who was born in a mysterious way (from a left side of the mother). The sage Asita saw “signs of greatness” on a newborn and said that the Savior came to earth. The boy was named Siddhartha, which meant “one who fulfills his destiny”. On the river bank of Naprandzhana enlightenment came to Siddhartha, and he became the Buddha.
In Buddhism, there are four noble truths, which were opened in Gautam enlightenment under the tree of wisdom:
Life is suffering. Birth, disease, old age and death, and even the forces that keep our body, that is scandium, are full of suffering.
The causes of suffering are desire, hedonism in the material world, the urge to joy and hope.
In order to get rid of the pain, one needs to get rid of all desires, to suppress any manifestation of any of them.
A way to get rid of desire lies on the path of salvation, which was opened by Gautama through the following principles:
A proper understanding of the Four Noble Truths;
The right intentions and goals;
Right speech (not to cheat and to tell the truth);
The correct behavior (not to kill any living creature, not to steal, not to cheat, not to use intoxicants, not to commit adultery);
The right way of life;
Making efforts to improve themselves;
State of mind (self-analysis);
Correct meditation (deep meditation on life, the constant rejection of earthly activity).
Buddhism does not recognize God as a Person. The purpose of Buddhism is the attainment of nirvana – a perfect state of human existence, which means freedom from suffering, desire, and the death of a shell. Buddhists believe in reincarnation of the souls of all living beings. Each with their bad or good deeds and even thoughts creates karma. After his death on the basis of Karma a man is reborn as a creature or he can even interrupt the circle of Samsara (the chain of rebirth).
Buddhism does not attempt to solve the problem of the origin of space and universe. The existence of the material world and the inhabiting creatures are accepted by Buddhism as a fact and it is believed that everything has a cause and effect and that all the time, though it is quietly changing. Buddhism maintains that there is an infinite number of scattered spherical worlds, connected by three in the space.
Speaking of the origin of mankind and the development of our world system, Siddhartha Gautama Buddha pointed out …